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This blog does not share personal information with third parties nor do we store any information about your visit to this blog other than to analyze and optimize your content and reading experience through the use of cookies. You can turn off the use of cookies at any time by changing your specific browser settings. We are not responsible for republished content from this blog on other blogs or websites without our permission. This privacy policy is subject to change without notice and was last updated on 6 MARCH 2014. If you have any questions feel free to contact me directly here: eriyani.alias@gmail.com ....

Thank you for understanding…..

As I always talk about other such as galaxy, nebula, sun, and moon and other things. For today I want to talk about our own galaxy, Milky Way Galaxy. The Milky Way galaxy is most significant to humans because it is home sweet home. But when it comes down to it, our galaxy is a typical barred spiral, much like billions of other galaxies in the universe. Let's take a look at the Milky Way.

The Milky Way is a barred spiral galaxy, about 100,000 light-years across. Spiral galaxies make up about two-third of the galaxies in the universe. Unlike a regular spiral, a barred spiral contains a bar across its center region, and has two major arms. The Milky Way also contains two significant minor arms, as well as two smaller spurs. One of the spurs, known as the Orion Arm, contains the sun and the solar system. The Orion arm is located between two major arms, Perseus and Sagittarius. 

For the more information, visit this website….

http://www.space.com/19915-milky-way-galaxy.html

credited also to space.com.....

If before this I tell story about nebula, nebula has many type such as Omega Nebula, Horsehead Nebula, Cat’s Eye Nebula, Crab Nebula and other name too. However, today I want to talk about Crab Nebula…

Crab Nebula is the shattered remnant of a massive star that ended its life in a supernova explosion. Nearly a thousand years old, the supernova was noted in the constellation of Taurus by Chinese astronomers in the year 1054 AD. 

Image Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech/R. Gehrz (University of Minnesota)

This view of the supernova remnant obtained by the Spitzer Space Telescope shows an infrared view of this complex object. The blue-white region traces the cloud of energetic electrons trapped within the star's magnetic field, emitting so-called "synchrotron" radiation. The red features follow the well-known filamentary structures that permeate this nebula. Though they are known to contain hot gasses, their exact nature is still a mystery that astronomers are examining. 

The energetic cloud of electrons is driven by a rapidly rotating neutron star, or pulsar, at its core. The nebula is about 6,500 light-years away from the Earth, and is 5 light-years across.

credited to NASA... 

Today I want to talk about black hole…. It names itself show how much effects it can cause…. Black hole is One of the most awe inspiring phenomenon in space is the black hole. There were a few facts that I get… the first fact a black hole is a place where the gravity well is so great that a gravitational time dilation has occurred. This causes time to stop. This causes an event horizon into which objects can fall or be pulled, but those objects will never reappear. That is the basic definition according to Einstein’s theory of general relativity.

The second fact…

There is no limit to how small or how large a black hole can be. The size and mass of a black hole are directly related. The more massive a black hole is then the more space it takes up. In fact, the Schwarzschild radius (the radius of the event horizon of a black hole) and the mass are directly proportional to one another. Therefore, if one black hole weighs ten times as much as another, its radius is ten times as large.

The third fact…

The nearest black hole is 1,600 light years away. That is about 16 quadrillion kilometers for Earth.

The rest of the facts, you can surf it at...

http://www.universetoday.com/46687/black-hole-facts/

I want to talk about moon…. Moon is the only natural satellite of the Earth and the fifth largest moon in the Solar System. It is the largest natural satellite of a planet in the Solar System relative to the size of its primary, having 27% the diameter and 60% the density of Earth, resulting in 1⁄81 (1.23%) its mass. Among satellites with known densities, the Moon is the second densest, after Io, a satellite of Jupiter.

the first phenomenon is

A Ring around the Moon

The ring around the Moon is caused by the refraction of Moonlight (which of course is reflected sunlight) from ice crystals in the upper atmosphere. The shape of the ice crystals results in a focusing of the light into a ring. Since the ice crystals typically have the same shape, namely a hexagonal shape, the Moon ring is almost always the same size. Less typical are the halos that may be produced by different angles in the crystals. They can create halos with an angle of 46 degrees.

I have the anatomy of moon halo…

The ring that appears around the moon arises from light passing through six-sided ice crystals high in the atmosphere. These ice crystals refract, or bend, light in the same manner that a camera lens bends light. The ring has a diameter of 22°, and sometimes, if you are lucky, it is also possible to detect a second ring, 44° diameter. Thin high cirrus clouds lofting at 20,000 feet or more contain tiny ice crystals that originate from the freezing of super cooled water droplets. These crystals behave like jewels refracting and reflecting in different directions. Cloud crystals are varieties of hexagonal prisms, (6 sides) and range in shapes from long columns to thin plate-like shapes that have different face sizes. 

Next, is about moon dogs…

 Moon dogs are the paler version of sun dogs: bursts of light often in reds and blues that appear on both sides of the moon. Both phenomena are the work of almost invisible clouds that reside in the atmosphere where commercial airliners cruise, at about 30,000 feet. The clouds are composed largely of ice crystals, known as diamond dust. The official name for a moon dog is a paraselene if seen at 22 degrees. If the image is at 90, 120 or 140 degrees then it's known as a parantiselene.

And last but not least a moon bows….

A night time rainbow is sometimes called a moon bow because it is a reflection of the light of the moon. The same thing during the day is called a rainbow. It works the same way as its daytime counterpart; it just uses moonlight instead of sunlight. Any rainbow comes from light hitting drops of rain and going into the drop and being reflected off of the inside edge. As the light leaves the drop on its return journey the other side of the drop acts like a prism and separates it into the colors of the rainbow. Daytime rainbows work great because of the intensity of the sun light, but with moon light it makes something shaped like a rainbow with just a hint color. Moon bows occur in the side of the sky opposite the moon.

That all for the story about moon.... 

not to forget, credited to Moon Light Effects....

Okay, today too we will talk about sun…. what so special about sun…. sun is a star that gives us light for us precede our life. Now, I want to talk about phenomena that happen at sun… A halo is an optical phenomenon produced by ice crystals creating a single ring of color around the sun or moon. It occurs more frequently than a rainbow. They are produced by the ice crystals in cirrus clouds high (5–10 km, or 3-6 miles) in the upper troposphere. The shape and orientation of the crystals is responsible for the type of halo observed. Six-sided ice crystal that make up those clouds act as the prisms that separate the sun's light into colors. The light is reflected and refracted by the ice crystals and split up into colors by dispersion. The crystals behave like prisms and mirrors, refracting and reflecting sunlight between their faces, sending shafts of light in particular directions. Atmospheric phenomena such as halos were used as part of weather lore as an empirical means of weather forecasting before meteorology was developed. To see a halo, don't look directly into the sun.            Instead, block the sun from your view with your hand, so you can just see the clouds around it.         

Sunglasses also may help you see a halo but even with sunglasses, you'll need to block the sun from your eyes.

Next, I want to talk about Aurora Borealis or known also as Northern Light…. Aurora Borealis is bright dancing lights of the aurora are actually collisions between electrically charged particles from the sun that enter the earth's atmosphere. The lights are seen above the magnetic poles of the northern and southern hemispheres. They are known as 'Aurora borealis' in the north and 'Aurora australis' in the south. Aurora displays appear in many colors although pale green and pink are the most common. Shades of red, yellow, green, blue, and violet have been reported. The lights appear in many forms from patches or scattered clouds of light to streamers, arcs, rippling curtains or shooting rays that light up the sky with an eerie glow.

Then, what the cause for Aurora Borealis? Aurora Borealis are actually the result of collisions between gaseous particles in the Earth's atmosphere with charged particles released from the sun's atmosphere. Variations in color are due to the type of gas particles that are colliding. The most common aurora color, a pale yellowish-green, is produced by oxygen molecules located about 60 miles above the earth. Rare, all-red auroras are produced by high-altitude oxygen, at heights of up to 200 miles. Nitrogen produces blue or purplish-red aurora.

Because the phenomena occur near the magnetic poles, northern lights have been seen as far south as New Orleans in the western hemisphere, while similar locations in the east never experience the mysterious lights. However the best places to watch the lights (in North America) are in the northwestern parts of Canada, particularly the Yukon, Nunavut, Northwest Territories and Alaska. Aurora displays can also be seen over the southern tip of Greenland and Iceland, the northern coast of Norway and over the coastal waters north of Siberia. 

Credited to Northern Light Centre.... 

 Well, that all for sun phenomena… it not as good as other people but I hope you guys can learn from it… to get more information visit this website...

 http://www.northernlightscentre.ca/northernlights.html

Hello, today I want to talk about nebulae…. What is nebula? Nebula, (Latin: “mist” or “cloud”) plural nebulae or nebulas. A nebula is an interstellar cloud in outer space that is made up of dust, hydrogen and helium gas, and plasma. It is formed when portions of the interstellar medium collapse and clump together due to the gravitational attraction of the particles that comprise them.

For those who are not aware of this yet, outer space is not really totally a vacuum (although it may sometimes be approximated as such). Rather, it is made up of gas and dust known collectively as the interstellar medium or ISM. So, it is this dispersed matter that eventually collapses and forms a nebula.

Nebulae, like the Orion Nebula, are often favorite astronomical objects of scientists who want to learn more about stellar or planetary formation. You see, parts of a nebula may clump together some more. The gravitational forces between particles is directly proportional to the masses, remember?

Thus, the more masses clump together, the greater their gravitational attraction will be to other bodies and particles in their vicinity. As the particles clump further to form larger and more massive structures, they attract more dust and gas. The pressure inside then gets so high that nuclear fusion ensues. This results in the emission of high-energy electromagnetic radiation, which in turn ionizes the outer layers of gas.

Ionized gas is plasma, and so plasma and electromagnetic radiation are now added to the mix. This now becomes the earliest stages of star formation, and is what some scientists are most interested about.

Actually, nebulae are not just the starting points of stellar evolution. Ironically, they can also be the end points. You can think of this as the nebula-star-nebula cycle. Stars that evolve into red giants can lose their outer layers during pulsations in their outer layers, known as their atmospheres. This released matter is typically 97% hydrogen and 3% helium, with a few other trace materials.

It is this released matter that forms what is known as a planetary nebula. The planetary nebula is just one of four major types of nebulae. The other three are H II regions, supernova remnant, and dark nebula.

Some of the more prominent nebulae are the Crab, Eagle, Orion, Pelican, Ring, and Rosette Nebula.

That all I want to say about nebula…. If you want more information visit this website…..

http://www.universetoday.com/61103/what-is-a-nebula/ 

credited to universe today.........

The next story, I want to tell is about the star….. Why suddenly I want to talk about that bright shining things…. The reason is that I always thought that star are cute little thing... but the real thing is that, A star is a massive, luminous sphere of plasma held together by its own gravity. The nearest star to Earth is the Sun, which is the source of most of the planet's energy. Some other stars are visible from Earth during the night, appearing as a multitude of fixed luminous points due to their immense distance. Historically, the most prominent stars were grouped into constellations and asterisms, and the brightest stars gained proper names. Extensive catalogues of stars have been assembled by astronomers, which provide standardized star designations.

For at least a portion of its life, a star shines due to thermonuclear fusion of hydrogen into helium in its core, releasing energy that traverses the star's interior and then radiates into outer space. Once the hydrogen in the core of a star is nearly exhausted, almost all naturally occurring elements heavier than helium are created by stellar nucleosynthesis during the star's lifetime and, for some stars, by supernova nucleosynthesis when it explodes. Near the end of its life, a star can also contain degenerate matter. Astronomers can determine the mass, age, metallicity (chemical composition), and many other properties of a star by observing its motion through space, luminosity, and spectrum respectively. The total mass of a star is the principal determinant of its evolution and eventual fate. Other characteristics of a star, including diameter and temperature, change over its life, while the star's environment affects its rotation and movement. A plot of the temperature of many stars against their luminosities, known as a Hertzsprung–Russell diagram (H–R diagram), allows the age and evolutionary state of a star to be determined.

A star's life begins with the gravitational collapse of a gaseous nebula of material composed primarily of hydrogen, along with helium and trace amounts of heavier elements. Once the stellar core is sufficiently dense, hydrogen becomes steadily converted into helium through nuclear fusion, releasing energy in the process. The remainder of the star's interior carries energy away from the core through a combination of radioactive and convective processes. The star's internal pressure prevents it from collapsing further under its own gravity. Once the hydrogen fuel at the core is exhausted, a star with at least 0.4 times the mass of the Sun expands to become a red giant, in some cases fusing heavier elements at the core or in shells around the core. The star then evolves into a degenerate form, recycling a portion of its matter into the interstellar environment, where it will contribute to the formation of a new generation of stars with a higher proportion of heavy elements. Meanwhile, the core becomes a stellar remnant: a white dwarf, a neutron star, or (if it is sufficiently massive) a black hole.

Binary and multi-star systems consist of two or more stars that are gravitationally bound, and generally move around each other in stable orbits. When two such stars have a relatively close orbit, their gravitational interaction can have a significant impact on their evolution. Stars can form part of a much larger gravitationally bound structure, such as a star cluster or a galaxy.

I still remember the lesson when I in form 3....

Well, this is credited to Wikipedia.... 

What other people think about planet? Well, I’m not science student but when I in secondary school, my knowledge about planet is that planet is object that orbit around the sun. However, the information that I get from Wikipedia is   A planet (from Ancient Greek ἀστὴρ πλανήτης (astēr planētēs), meaning "wandering star") is an astronomical object orbiting a star or stellar remnant that is massive enough to be rounded by its own gravity, is not massive enough to cause thermonuclear fusion, and has cleared its neighboring region of planetesimals.  The term planet is ancient, with ties to history, science, mythology, and religion. The planets were originally seen by many early cultures as divine, or as emissaries of deities. As scientific knowledge advanced, human perception of the planets changed, incorporating a number of disparate objects. In 2006, the International Astronomical Union (IAU) officially adopted a resolution defining planets within the Solar System. This definition has been both praised and criticized and remains disputed by some scientists because it excludes many objects of planetary mass based on where or what they orbit. Although eight of the planetary bodies discovered before 1950 remain "planets" under the modern definition, some celestial bodies, such as Ceres, Pallas, Juno, Vesta (each an object in the Solar asteroid belt), and Pluto (the first-discovered trans-Neptunian object), that were once considered planets by the scientific community are no longer viewed as such.

The planets were thought by Ptolemy to orbit Earth in deferent and epicycle motions. Although the idea that the planets orbited the Sun had been suggested many times, it was not until the 17th century that this view was supported by evidence from the first telescopic astronomical observations, performed by Galileo Galilei. By careful analysis of the observation data, Johannes Kepler found the planets' orbits were not circular but elliptical. As observational tools improved, astronomers saw that, like Earth, the planets rotated around tilted axes, and some shared such features as ice caps and seasons. Since the dawn of the Space Age, close observation by space probes has found that Earth and the other planets share characteristics such as volcanism, hurricanes, tectonics, and even hydrology. That all for planet….

Credits to online Wikipedia….….